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Английский язык
Презентация
Презентация на тему «Английский язык»
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Origins of English
English began in early medieval Britain after Germanic-speaking Angles, Saxons, and Jutes settled there in the 5th century. Its earliest form, Old English, was shaped by contact with Celtic, Latin, Norse, and French over many centuries. The Norman Conquest of 1066 had a major impact because French influenced vocabulary, law, and administration.
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Historical Stages
Historians usually divide English into three main periods: Old English, Middle English, and Modern English. Old English lasted roughly from the 5th to the 11th century, Middle English from about the 12th to the 15th century, and Modern English from the 16th century to the present. Important milestones include the printing press in 1476, the King James Bible in 1611, and Samuel Johnson’s dictionary in 1755.
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Who Speaks English
English is spoken by about 1.5 billion people worldwide as a first or second language. It is used across Europe, North America, Africa, Asia, and Oceania, which makes it one of the most global languages in history. In many countries, English serves as a main language of education, science, business, and diplomacy.
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Interesting Facts
English has borrowed thousands of words from other languages, including French, Latin, Dutch, and Scandinavian languages. It has a very large vocabulary, and the Oxford English Dictionary records more than 600,000 words and word forms. Another striking fact is that English became a global lingua franca mainly through the growth of the British Empire and later the influence of the United States.
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Famous English Figures
Many famous English people shaped world culture, literature, science, and politics. William Shakespeare is considered one of the greatest writers in the English language, while Samuel Johnson created one of the most important early dictionaries. Other well-known English figures include Charles Darwin, Isaac Newton, Jane Austen, and Winston Churchill, each influential in a different field.
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Modern Dialects
Modern English has many dialects, including British, American, Australian, Canadian, Indian, and South African varieties. Within Britain alone, regional forms such as Cockney, Scouse, Geordie, and Scottish English show clear differences in pronunciation, vocabulary, and rhythm. Digital communication has also created new forms of informal English, including internet slang, abbreviations, and emoji-based expression.
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Why English Matters
English is important because it is the main shared language in international communication, science, aviation, technology, and business. A large share of academic research, global media, and online content is published in English, so knowing it gives access to more information and opportunities. It is also often the language used in multinational companies, universities, and international travel.
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English Today
Today English continues to change quickly because of migration, media, and the internet. New words appear every year, while pronunciation and grammar vary across countries and social groups. This makes English both a historical language with deep roots and a living language that keeps evolving.
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Conclusion
English grew from small Germanic dialects into a world language through conquest, trade, empire, and technology. Its history includes Old English, Middle English, and Modern English, each shaped by major historical events and cultural contact. Today it is spoken by about 1.5 billion people and remains essential for education, work, and global communication
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